2025 Federal Election

Kooyong, VIC

Updated: Fri, 23 May 2025 5:26:35 PM AEST

This table provides the current two candidate preferred (TCP) count for the division. The data includes swing - a comparison of the percentage of TCP votes received at the previous federal election compared to the current federal election.

Notes:

  1. Two candidate preferred or TCP is a count of the two leading candidates only. Votes are recorded for a particular candidate if the preference on the ballot paper for that candidate is higher than the alternative TCP candidate, regardless of other preferences. The TCP count ultimately determines who wins the seat.
  2. The term 'Previous election' may not relate to actual results from the last event. Redistributions of electoral boundaries are taken into account and may produce notional results for any electoral division in a redistributed state or territory. See www.aec.gov.au/redistribution for further information.
  3. These results are not final.
Two candidate preferred (TCP) for Kooyong (VIC) 56 of 56 polling places returned and 100.00% of the ballot papers counted thus far have also had a TCP count undertaken.
Candidate Party Votes Margin This election (%) Previous election (%) Swing (%) Status
HAMER, AmeliaLiberal56,713-1,44149.3747.48+1.89 
RYAN, MoniqueIndependent58,1541,44150.6352.52-1.89Previous Member

This table provides the number of first preference votes received for all candidates in the division. The data includes swing - a comparison of the percentage of first preference votes received at the previous federal election compared to the current federal election.

This table is sortable by selecting on column headers.

Notes:

  1. These results are not final.
First preference count for the division of Kooyong (VIC)
56 of 56 polling places returned.
Candidate Party Votes % Swing (%) Status
PEPPARD, Richard Libertarian 1,475 1.28 +1.28  
HAMER, Amelia Liberal 49,538 43.13 -0.27  
CARTER, Jackie The Greens 8,899 7.75 -2.10  
BRACHE, Camille Pauline Hanson's One Nation 1,201 1.05 +0.52  
VADER, David Trumpet of Patriots 1,124 0.98 +0.87  
RYAN, Monique Independent 38,959 33.92 +3.14 Previous Member
CROSBY, Clive Australian Labor Party 13,671 11.90 +0.57  
...... Liberal Democratic Party 0 0.00 -1.41  
...... Animal Justice Party 0 0.00 -0.66  
...... Derryn Hinch's Justice Party 0 0.00 -0.13  
...... Reason Australia 0 0.00 -0.33  
...... United Australia Party 0 0.00 -1.16  
...... Australian Values Party 0 0.00 -0.11  
...... Other 0 0.00 -0.20  
Formal   114,867 97.95 +0.78  
Informal   2,401 2.05 -0.78  
Total   117,268  

This table provides the number and percentage breakdown of first preference votes received by vote type for the division.

This table is sortable by selecting on column headers.

Notes:

  1. An ordinary vote is a vote cast by an elector when their name can be verified on the electoral roll at the place of voting. This can be at an early voting centre or polling place in the voter's own division or at an interstate voting centre.
  2. An absent vote is a vote cast at a polling place outside of a voter's electoral division, but still within their state or territory.
  3. Provisional votes are votes cast at a polling place where the elector's name cannot be found on the roll, the elector's name has already been marked off the roll or votes cast by a silent elector.
  4. These results are not final.
First preferences by vote type
Candidate Party Ordinary Absent Provisional Declaration pre-poll Postal Total Status
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
PEPPARD, Richard Libertarian 1,051 1.25 104 2.22 3 1.54 70 1.45 247 1.17 1,475 1.28  
HAMER, Amelia Liberal 35,192 41.89 1,597 34.12 64 32.82 1,811 37.53 10,874 51.42 49,538 43.13  
CARTER, Jackie The Greens 6,402 7.62 740 15.81 13 6.67 599 12.41 1,145 5.41 8,899 7.75  
BRACHE, Camille Pauline Hanson's One Nation 793 0.94 95 2.03 5 2.56 79 1.64 229 1.08 1,201 1.05  
VADER, David Trumpet of Patriots 776 0.92 67 1.43 0 0.00 65 1.35 216 1.02 1,124 0.98  
RYAN, Monique Independent 30,411 36.20 1,269 27.12 86 44.10 1,435 29.73 5,758 27.23 38,959 33.92 Previous Member
CROSBY, Clive Australian Labor Party 9,394 11.18 808 17.26 24 12.31 767 15.89 2,678 12.66 13,671 11.90  
Formal   84,019 97.84 4,680 97.22 195 97.50 4,826 98.11 21,147 98.55 114,867 97.95  
Informal   1,857 2.16 134 2.78 5 2.50 93 1.89 312 1.45 2,401 2.05  
Total   85,876 73.23 4,814 4.11 200 0.17 4,919 4.19 21,459 18.30 117,268 94.18  

This table provides the number and percentage breakdown of two candidate preferred (TCP) votes received by vote type for the division.

Notes:

  1. Two candidate preferred or TCP is a count of the two leading candidates only. Votes are recorded for a particular candidate if the preference on the ballot paper for that candidate is higher than the alternative TCP candidate, regardless of other preferences. The TCP count ultimately determines who wins the seat.
  2. An ordinary vote is a vote cast by an elector when their name can be verified on the electoral roll at the place of voting. This can be at an early voting centre or polling place in the voter's own division or at an interstate voting centre.
  3. An absent vote is a vote cast at a polling place outside of a voter's electoral division, but still within their state or territory.
  4. Provisional votes are votes cast at a polling place where the elector's name cannot be found on the roll, the elector's name has already been marked off the roll or votes cast by a silent elector.
  5. These results are not final.
Two candidate preferred result by vote type
Candidate Party Ordinary Absent Provisional Declaration pre-poll Postal Total Status
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
HAMER, Amelia Liberal 39,907 47.50 2,142 45.77 80 41.03 2,313 47.93 12,271 58.03 56,713 49.37  
RYAN, Monique Independent 44,112 52.50 2,538 54.23 115 58.97 2,513 52.07 8,876 41.97 58,154 50.63 Previous Member

This table provides a list of the polling places in the division and the time and date of the most recent updated results for that polling place.

This table is sortable by selecting on column headers and you can find polling place results by selecting on the name of the polling place.

Notes:

  1. These results are not final.
Polling places for Kooyong (VIC)
Polling place Street address First preference returned Two candidate preferred (TCP) returned
Abbotsford KOOYONG PPVC Abbotsford Convent, 1 St Heliers St, ABBOTSFORD VIC 3067 Thu, 22 May 2025 4:08:37 PM AEST Thu, 22 May 2025 4:08:37 PM AEST
Armadale Armadale Primary School, 9-23 Densham Rd, ARMADALE VIC 3143 Fri, 23 May 2025 3:46:29 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 3:46:29 PM AEST
Armadale Central Malvern Memorial Kindergarten, 15 Orchard St, ARMADALE VIC 3143 Fri, 23 May 2025 3:52:16 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 3:52:16 PM AEST
Armadale North Armadale Baptist Church, 88 Kooyong Rd, ARMADALE VIC 3143 Wed, 07 May 2025 7:41:30 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 7:41:30 PM AEST
Ashburton KOOYONG PPVC 1st Ashburton Scout Hall, 337 High St, ASHBURTON VIC 3147 Wed, 07 May 2025 7:03:02 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 7:03:02 PM AEST
Balwyn Balwyn Primary School, 86B Balwyn Rd, BALWYN VIC 3103 Fri, 23 May 2025 4:03:59 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 4:03:59 PM AEST
Balwyn North Balwyn North Primary School, 40 Buchanan Ave, BALWYN NORTH VIC 3104 Wed, 21 May 2025 4:35:15 PM AEST Wed, 21 May 2025 4:35:15 PM AEST
Balwyn North Central Boroondara Park Primary School, 40 Almond St, BALWYN NORTH VIC 3104 Tue, 06 May 2025 3:42:28 PM AEST Tue, 06 May 2025 3:42:28 PM AEST
Bellevue Belle Vue Primary School, 20 Highview Rd, BALWYN NORTH VIC 3104 Tue, 20 May 2025 3:09:12 PM AEST Tue, 20 May 2025 3:09:12 PM AEST
Blackburn KOOYONG PPVC NewHope Community Centre, 3-5 Springfield Rd, BLACKBURN NORTH VIC 3130 Fri, 09 May 2025 7:27:33 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 7:27:33 PM AEST
Camberwell Camberwell Primary School, 290 Camberwell Rd, CAMBERWELL VIC 3124 Wed, 07 May 2025 6:49:07 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 6:49:07 PM AEST
Camberwell South (Kooyong) Camberwell South Primary School, 4 Peate Ave, GLEN IRIS VIC 3146 Fri, 23 May 2025 4:14:17 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 4:14:17 PM AEST
Camberwell West (Kooyong) St Dominic's Catholic School, 145 Highfield Rd, CAMBERWELL VIC 3124 Wed, 07 May 2025 7:11:51 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 7:11:51 PM AEST
Canterbury Canterbury Presbyterian Church, 146 Canterbury Rd, CANTERBURY VIC 3126 Wed, 07 May 2025 6:52:06 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 6:52:06 PM AEST
Canterbury South Camberwell High School, 100A Prospect Hill Rd, CANTERBURY VIC 3126 Tue, 20 May 2025 4:59:21 PM AEST Tue, 20 May 2025 4:59:21 PM AEST
Canterbury West Habitat Uniting Church, 2 Mont Albert Rd, CANTERBURY VIC 3126 Fri, 23 May 2025 9:18:05 AM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 9:18:05 AM AEST
Chatham Canterbury Primary School, Molesworth St, CANTERBURY VIC 3126 Wed, 07 May 2025 7:11:18 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 7:11:18 PM AEST
Deepdene Our Lady of Good Counsel Primary School, 12 Whitehorse Rd, DEEPDENE VIC 3103 Wed, 07 May 2025 7:12:40 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 7:12:40 PM AEST
EAV Kooyong PPVC AEC National EAV Centre, 10 Mort St, CANBERRA ACT 2601 Fri, 09 May 2025 4:28:58 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 4:28:58 PM AEST
Glenferrie Auburn Uniting Church, 81 Oxley Rd, HAWTHORN VIC 3122 Wed, 21 May 2025 12:33:30 PM AEST Wed, 21 May 2025 12:33:30 PM AEST
Greythorn (Kooyong) Greythorn Primary School, 124 Greythorn Rd, BALWYN NORTH VIC 3104 Fri, 23 May 2025 4:19:12 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 4:19:12 PM AEST
Hartwell (Kooyong) Hartwell Primary School, 4 Milverton St, CAMBERWELL VIC 3124 Wed, 07 May 2025 6:31:04 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 6:31:04 PM AEST
Hawthorn Christ Church Memorial Hall, 2 Denham St, HAWTHORN VIC 3122 Wed, 07 May 2025 6:27:10 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 6:27:10 PM AEST
Hawthorn Central Glenferrie Primary School, 78-98 Manningtree Rd, HAWTHORN VIC 3122 Fri, 23 May 2025 11:59:23 AM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 11:59:23 AM AEST
Hawthorn East Camberwell Baptist Church, 460 Riversdale Rd, HAWTHORN EAST VIC 3123 Fri, 23 May 2025 9:34:25 AM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 9:34:25 AM AEST
Hawthorn East Central Auburn Primary School, 51 Rathmines Rd, HAWTHORN EAST VIC 3123 Fri, 23 May 2025 5:04:24 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 5:04:24 PM AEST
Hawthorn East South Auburn High School, 423-425 Auburn Rd, HAWTHORN VIC 3122 Thu, 08 May 2025 1:42:06 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 1:42:06 PM AEST
Hawthorn South Erasmus Primary School, 40 Lisson Gr, HAWTHORN VIC 3122 Wed, 07 May 2025 6:11:16 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 6:11:16 PM AEST
Hawthorn West Hawthorn Citizens Youth Club, 241 Auburn Rd, HAWTHORN VIC 3122 Thu, 08 May 2025 2:54:07 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 2:54:07 PM AEST
Heidelberg KOOYONG PPVC Heidelberg Scots Uniting Church, 187 Burgundy St, HEIDELBERG VIC 3084 Wed, 07 May 2025 6:53:17 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 6:53:17 PM AEST
Kew Kew Primary School, 20 Peel St, KEW VIC 3101 Fri, 23 May 2025 4:24:20 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 4:24:20 PM AEST
Kew East Kew East Uniting Church Hall, 142 Normanby Rd, KEW EAST VIC 3102 Thu, 08 May 2025 12:26:01 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 12:26:01 PM AEST
Kew East Central Kew East Primary School, 35 Kitchener St, KEW EAST VIC 3102 Thu, 08 May 2025 5:16:55 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 5:16:55 PM AEST
Kew KOOYONG PPVC 276 High St, KEW VIC 3101 Fri, 09 May 2025 7:45:17 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 7:45:17 PM AEST
Kew North 1st Kew Scout Hall, 177 Willsmere Rd, KEW VIC 3101 Thu, 08 May 2025 5:09:53 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 5:09:53 PM AEST
Kew North West Xavier College (Burke Hall Campus), 2 Nolan Ave, KEW VIC 3101 Fri, 23 May 2025 1:49:29 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 1:49:29 PM AEST
Kew South Trinity Grammar School, 40 Charles St, KEW VIC 3101 Thu, 08 May 2025 4:03:27 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 4:03:27 PM AEST
Kew West Genazzano FCJ College, 301 Cotham Rd, KEW VIC 3101 Thu, 08 May 2025 7:24:16 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 7:24:16 PM AEST
Malvern (Kooyong) St Joseph's Primary School, 49 Stanhope St, MALVERN VIC 3144 Thu, 08 May 2025 7:19:56 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 7:19:56 PM AEST
Malvern Central Malvern Presbyterian Church, 161-163 Wattletree Rd, MALVERN VIC 3144 Fri, 23 May 2025 2:16:05 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 2:16:05 PM AEST
Malvern KOOYONG PPVC St George's Anglican Church, 296 Glenferrie Rd, MALVERN VIC 3144 Wed, 21 May 2025 2:22:19 PM AEST Wed, 21 May 2025 2:22:19 PM AEST
Malvern South (Kooyong) Malvern Primary School, 17 Tooronga Rd, MALVERN EAST VIC 3145 Thu, 08 May 2025 7:22:24 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 7:22:24 PM AEST
Melbourne CBD North East (Kooyong) St Peter's Eastern Hill (Church Hall), 15 Gisborne St, EAST MELBOURNE VIC 3002 Thu, 08 May 2025 7:26:44 PM AEST Thu, 08 May 2025 7:26:44 PM AEST
Melbourne CBD North West (Kooyong) Drill Hall, 26 Therry St, MELBOURNE VIC 3000 Tue, 06 May 2025 4:09:44 PM AEST Tue, 06 May 2025 4:09:44 PM AEST
Melbourne CBD South Central (Kooyong) Zinc at Fed Square, Cnr Princes Walk & Russell St Ext, MELBOURNE VIC 3000 Wed, 07 May 2025 5:41:39 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 5:41:39 PM AEST
Melbourne KOOYONG PPVC Panarcadian Association, 570 Victoria St, NORTH MELBOURNE VIC 3051 Wed, 07 May 2025 7:22:48 PM AEST Wed, 07 May 2025 7:22:48 PM AEST
Prahran North East Our Lady of Lourdes Primary School, 7 Wynnstay Rd, PRAHRAN VIC 3181 Fri, 09 May 2025 1:21:32 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 1:21:32 PM AEST
Special Hospital Team 1 Multiple sites, VIC Fri, 09 May 2025 7:23:19 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 7:23:19 PM AEST
Special Hospital Team 2 Multiple sites, VIC Fri, 23 May 2025 12:25:19 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 12:25:19 PM AEST
Special Hospital Team 3 Multiple sites, VIC Fri, 09 May 2025 7:21:47 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 7:21:47 PM AEST
Special Hospital Team 4 Multiple sites, VIC Fri, 09 May 2025 7:07:38 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 7:07:38 PM AEST
Surrey Hills North Chatham Primary School, 47A Weybridge St, SURREY HILLS VIC 3127 Fri, 09 May 2025 1:43:19 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 1:43:19 PM AEST
Surrey Hills West (Kooyong) Holy Trinity Anglican Church, 177 Union Rd, SURREY HILLS VIC 3127 Fri, 23 May 2025 10:32:25 AM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 10:32:25 AM AEST
Toorak Toorak Uniting Church, 603 Toorak Rd, TOORAK VIC 3142 Fri, 09 May 2025 1:36:33 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 1:36:33 PM AEST
Toorak Central Toorak Primary School, 75 Canterbury Rd, TOORAK VIC 3142 Fri, 23 May 2025 2:27:21 PM AEST Fri, 23 May 2025 2:27:21 PM AEST
Toorak West Vision Australia, 454 Glenferrie Rd, KOOYONG VIC 3144 Fri, 09 May 2025 1:40:35 PM AEST Fri, 09 May 2025 1:40:35 PM AEST

This table provides the current two candidate preferred (TCP) count for each polling place in the division. The data includes swing - a comparison of the percentage of TCP votes received at the previous federal election compared to the current federal election.

Notes:

  1. Two candidate preferred or TCP is a count of the two leading candidates only. Votes are recorded for a particular candidate if the preference on the ballot paper for that candidate is higher than the alternative TCP candidate, regardless of other preferences. The TCP count ultimately determines who wins the seat.
  2. These results are not final.
Two candidate preferred by polling place
Polling place Formal RYAN, Monique
Independent
HAMER, Amelia
Liberal
Swing
Votes % Votes %
Abbotsford KOOYONG PPVC 978 656 67.08 322 32.92 67.08
Armadale 1,216 623 51.23 593 48.77 5.62
Armadale Central 582 277 47.59 305 52.41 8.77
Armadale North 716 327 45.67 389 54.33 -19.45
Ashburton KOOYONG PPVC 3,728 1,931 51.80 1,797 48.20 6.13
Balwyn 1,439 801 55.66 638 44.34 4.77
Balwyn North 1,789 938 52.43 851 47.57 3.83
Balwyn North Central 1,517 841 55.44 676 44.56 6.30
Bellevue 1,132 529 46.73 603 53.27 1.77
Blackburn KOOYONG PPVC 974 530 54.41 444 45.59 0.59
Camberwell 1,335 776 58.13 559 41.87 -3.13
Camberwell South (Kooyong) 723 418 57.81 305 42.19 6.37
Camberwell West (Kooyong) 1,024 571 55.76 453 44.24 2.08
Canterbury 652 305 46.78 347 53.22 1.66
Canterbury South 1,737 962 55.38 775 44.62 0.52
Canterbury West 490 236 48.16 254 51.84 -0.08
Chatham 1,409 807 57.27 602 42.73 1.71
Deepdene 1,196 546 45.65 650 54.35 -1.84
EAV Kooyong PPVC 26 14 53.85 12 46.15 1.68
Glenferrie 856 537 62.73 319 37.27 1.97
Greythorn (Kooyong) 1,089 595 54.64 494 45.36 4.88
Hartwell (Kooyong) 494 331 67.00 163 33.00 10.74
Hawthorn 1,736 1,075 61.92 661 38.08 -1.79
Hawthorn Central 2,165 1,548 71.50 617 28.50 4.61
Hawthorn East 778 470 60.41 308 39.59 8.85
Hawthorn East Central 2,089 1,337 64.00 752 36.00 0.66
Hawthorn East South 1,376 741 53.85 635 46.15 3.10
Hawthorn South 692 450 65.03 242 34.97 23.01
Hawthorn West 1,148 735 64.02 413 35.98 2.09
Heidelberg KOOYONG PPVC 376 195 51.86 181 48.14 -0.01
Kew 1,867 1,169 62.61 698 37.39 3.82
Kew East 779 417 53.53 362 46.47 3.10
Kew East Central 1,414 840 59.41 574 40.59 3.19
Kew KOOYONG PPVC 17,871 9,266 51.85 8,605 48.15 -3.45
Kew North 1,032 581 56.30 451 43.70 0.02
Kew North West 640 321 50.16 319 49.84 -4.65
Kew South 1,004 527 52.49 477 47.51 -4.86
Kew West 1,115 524 47.00 591 53.00 3.13
Malvern (Kooyong) 1,507 692 45.92 815 54.08 -6.45
Malvern Central 697 364 52.22 333 47.78 4.00
Malvern KOOYONG PPVC 12,603 5,192 41.20 7,411 58.80 -13.80
Malvern South (Kooyong) 532 267 50.19 265 49.81 -1.51
Melbourne CBD North East (Kooyong) 27 19 70.37 8 29.63 20.37
Melbourne CBD North West (Kooyong) 41 26 63.41 15 36.59 13.41
Melbourne CBD South Central (Kooyong) 45 25 55.56 20 44.44 5.56
Melbourne KOOYONG PPVC 261 152 58.24 109 41.76 6.68
Prahran North East 1,110 735 66.22 375 33.78 26.37
Special Hospital Team 1 167 66 39.52 101 60.48 -7.74
Special Hospital Team 2 122 48 39.34 74 60.66 -7.97
Special Hospital Team 3 135 45 33.33 90 66.67 -13.93
Special Hospital Team 4 115 39 33.91 76 66.09 -13.28
Surrey Hills North 1,254 687 54.78 567 45.22 1.37
Surrey Hills West (Kooyong) 976 564 57.79 412 42.21 3.31
Toorak 1,227 467 38.06 760 61.94 -25.31
Toorak Central 1,427 728 51.02 699 48.98 0.97
Toorak West 589 249 42.28 340 57.72 -23.55
ABSENT 4,680 2,538 54.23 2,142 45.77 0.00
PRE_POLL 4,826 2,513 52.07 2,313 47.93 0.00
POSTAL 21,147 8,876 41.97 12,271 58.03 0.00
PROVISIONAL 195 115 58.97 80 41.03 0.00
Division Total 114,867 58,154 50.63 56,713 49.37 -1.89

This table shows the progress of Declaration vote scrutiny for a particular division. In this table you will find...

  • The number declaration vote envelopes issued for the division.
  • The number of declaration vote envelopes received by the division.
  • The number of envelopes rejected at preliminary scrutiny.
  • The number of declaration vote ballot papers counted.

Notes:

  1. These results are not final.
Declaration vote scrutiny progress
Absent Provisional Declaration pre-poll Postal Total
Envelopes issued 4,923 401 5,163 25,306 35,793
Envelopes received 4,923 401 5,163 22,031 32,518
Ballot papers counted 4,814 200 4,919 21,459 31,392
Ballot papers not returned by voter 26 1 8 28 63
Ballot papers disallowed 22 28 52 15 117
Envelopes rejected at preliminary scrutiny 61 172 184 529 946
Envelopes processed 4,923 401 5,163 22,031 32,518
Envelopes awaiting processing 0 0 0 0 0

Profile of division of Kooyong (VIC)
Elected member Ryan, M (IND). Elected 2022.
Name derivation Named after the geographic location covered at one time by the electoral division. 'Kooyong' is believed to be an Aboriginal word for camp or resting place or possibly derived from the word 'guyun' meaning fighting spear.
First proclaimed / election 2024/1901
Area 59 sq. kms
Demographic Inner Metropolitan
Pre-Election seat status Marginal
Seat status Undefined
Location The Division of Kooyong consists of part of the Boroondara City Council, part of the Stonnington City Council, and part of the Yarra City Council.
Products and Industry